Diet plays a significant role in how people with Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) feel day to day. While food does not cause IBD, certain foods can worsen symptoms during flare-ups or help support digestion during periods of remission. Learning how to eat well with IBD is a key part of living confidently with Crohn’s disease and reducing anxiety around meals.
There is no single Crohn’s or colitis diet that works for everyone. Food tolerance varies widely, which is why personalised and flexible eating plans are often more effective than strict rules. Many people with IBD benefit from identifying trigger foods, eating smaller meals, and choosing foods that are easier to digest. Understanding how Crohn’s disease affects digestion can make these choices feel less confusing and more empowering.
During Crohn’s or colitis flare-ups, low-fibre and low-residue foods are often better tolerated. These may include white rice, pasta, eggs, bananas, skinless chicken, and well-cooked vegetables. Foods that commonly worsen symptoms during flares include spicy meals, alcohol, caffeine, fried foods, raw vegetables, nuts, seeds, and high-fat dairy products. Adjusting diet during active inflammation can significantly reduce pain, urgency, and fatigue.
When symptoms are under control, a more varied Crohn’s and colitis diet is usually possible. Lean proteins, gentle grains, cooked vegetables, healthy fats, and lactose-free dairy can help rebuild strength and prevent nutrient deficiencies. Introducing foods slowly helps reduce the risk of triggering symptoms and supports confidence in social situations such as dining out, travelling, or dating.
Hydration is also essential for people with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, particularly during diarrhoea or active inflammation. Water, oral rehydration solutions, and herbal teas help maintain fluid and electrolyte balance, which plays an important role in overall symptom control and energy levels.
Vitamin and mineral deficiencies are common in IBD, especially iron, vitamin B12, vitamin D, and calcium. Ongoing fatigue, weakness, or brain fog may be linked to nutritional shortfalls and should be reviewed with a healthcare professional as part of long-term disease management.
Managing diet with Crohn’s or colitis is not about restriction or perfection. It’s about learning what supports your body, adapting as symptoms change, and eating in a way that protects both physical health and quality of life. For many people, feeling confident around food also supports relationships and self-esteem, as explored in building confidence when dating with Crohn’s or colitis.